定義/晶(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)閘(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)編輯晶(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)閘(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)導通(tong)條件(jian)為：加正向電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)且(qie)門(men)極(ji)(ji)有(you)觸發電(dian)流(liu)(liu)；其派生(sheng)器(qi)件(jian)有(you)：快速(su)晶(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)閘(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)，雙向晶(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)閘(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)，逆導晶(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)閘(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)，光(guang)控(kong)晶(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)閘(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)等。它是(shi)一(yi)種大(da)功率開關(guan)型(xing)半導體器(qi)件(jian)，在(zai)(zai)電(dian)路中用(yong)(yong)文(wen)字符號為“V”、“VT”表(biao)示（舊(jiu)標準中用(yong)(yong)字母“SCR”表(biao)示）。晶(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)閘(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)（Thyristor）是(shi)一(yi)種開關(guan)元件(jian)，能在(zai)(zai)高(gao)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)、大(da)電(dian)流(liu)(liu)條件(jian)下(xia)工作，并且(qie)其工作過程可以控(kong)制、被應用(yong)(yong)于可控(kong)整(zheng)流(liu)(liu)、交流(liu)(liu)調(diao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)、無觸點電(dian)子(zi)開關(guan)、逆變及(ji)變頻等電(dian)子(zi)電(dian)路中，是(shi)典型(xing)的小(xiao)電(dian)流(liu)(liu)控(kong)制大(da)電(dian)流(liu)(liu)的設備。1957年，美國通(tong)用(yong)(yong)電(dian)器(qi)公司開發出世界上個(ge)晶(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)閘(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)產(chan)品(pin)，并于1958年使其商業(ye)化。結(jie)構/晶(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)閘(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)編輯晶(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)閘(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)它是(shi)由(you)一(yi)個(ge)P-N-P-N四層(4layers)半導體構成(cheng)的，中間形成(cheng)了三個(ge)PN結(jie)。分(fen)類/晶(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)閘(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)編輯晶(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)閘(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)按其關(guan)斷(duan)、導通(tong)及(ji)控(kong)制方式(shi)可分(fen)為普(pu)通(tong)晶(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)閘(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)（SCR）、雙向晶(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)閘(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)（TRIAC）、逆導晶(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)閘(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)（RCT）、門(men)極(ji)(ji)關(guan)斷(duan)晶(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)閘(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)（GTO）、BTG晶(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)閘(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)、溫(wen)控(kong)晶(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)閘(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)（TT國外，TTS國內）和(he)光(guang)控(kong)晶(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)閘(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)（LTT）等多種。晶(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)閘(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)按其引腳(jiao)和(he)極(ji)(ji)性可分(fen)為二(er)極(ji)(ji)晶(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)閘(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)、三極(ji)(ji)晶(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)閘(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)和(he)四極(ji)(ji)晶(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)閘(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)。晶(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)閘(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)按其封(feng)裝形式(shi)可分(fen)為金屬封(feng)裝晶(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)閘(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)、塑封(feng)晶(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)閘(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)和(he)陶瓷封(feng)裝晶(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)閘(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)三種類型(xing)。其中，金屬封(feng)裝晶(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)閘(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)又分(fen)為螺栓形、平板形、圓殼形等多種。在(zai)(zai)使用(yong)(yong)過程中，晶(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)閘(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)對過電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)是(shi)很(hen)敏感的。江西瑞士ABB晶(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)閘(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)模塊(kuai)工廠直(zhi)銷

因(yin)(yin)此將引起各元件(jian)(jian)(jian)間(jian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)分(fen)配(pei)不(bu)(bu)均(jun)勻而導(dao)致發生(sheng)損壞器件(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)事故。影(ying)響(xiang)(xiang)串(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)聯(lian)運(yun)行(xing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)分(fen)配(pei)不(bu)(bu)均(jun)勻的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)因(yin)(yin)素主(zhu)要有(you)(you)以下幾個：1、靜(jing)態(tai)(tai)伏(fu)安(an)(an)特(te)(te)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)對靜(jing)態(tai)(tai)均(jun)壓(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影(ying)響(xiang)(xiang)。不(bu)(bu)同(tong)元件(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)伏(fu)安(an)(an)特(te)(te)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)差異較大，串(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)聯(lian)使用時(shi)(shi)(shi)會(hui)使電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)分(fen)配(pei)不(bu)(bu)均(jun)衡。同(tong)時(shi)(shi)(shi)，半導(dao)體(ti)器件(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)伏(fu)安(an)(an)特(te)(te)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)容易受(shou)溫度(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影(ying)響(xiang)(xiang)，不(bu)(bu)同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)結溫也會(hui)使均(jun)壓(ya)(ya)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能受(shou)到影(ying)響(xiang)(xiang)。[1]2、關斷(duan)(duan)(duan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)荷和開(kai)通時(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)等動(dong)態(tai)(tai)特(te)(te)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)對動(dong)態(tai)(tai)均(jun)壓(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影(ying)響(xiang)(xiang)。晶閘(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)串(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)聯(lian)運(yun)行(xing)，延遲時(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)不(bu)(bu)同(tong)，門極觸發脈沖的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大小不(bu)(bu)同(tong)，都會(hui)導(dao)致閥片的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)開(kai)通適度(du)不(bu)(bu)同(tong)。閥片的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)開(kai)通速度(du)不(bu)(bu)同(tong)，會(hui)引起動(dong)態(tai)(tai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)不(bu)(bu)均(jun)衡。同(tong)時(shi)(shi)(shi)關斷(duan)(duan)(duan)時(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)差異也會(hui)造(zao)成各晶閘(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)不(bu)(bu)同(tong)時(shi)(shi)(shi)關斷(duan)(duan)(duan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)現(xian)象(xiang)。關斷(duan)(duan)(duan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)荷少，則(ze)易關斷(duan)(duan)(duan)，關斷(duan)(duan)(duan)時(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)也短，先關斷(duan)(duan)(duan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)元件(jian)(jian)(jian)必(bi)然承(cheng)受(shou)**高的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)動(dong)態(tai)(tai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)。[1]晶閘(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)串(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)聯(lian)技術的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)根本目的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是保(bao)證動(dong)、靜(jing)態(tai)(tai)特(te)(te)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)不(bu)(bu)同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)晶閘(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)在(zai)串(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)聯(lian)后能夠安(an)(an)全穩定運(yun)行(xing)且都得到充分(fen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)利用。這就涉及(ji)到串(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)聯(lian)晶閘(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)元件(jian)(jian)(jian)保(bao)護、動(dong)態(tai)(tai)和靜(jing)態(tai)(tai)均(jun)壓(ya)(ya)、觸發一致性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、反向(xiang)恢復過電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)抑制、開(kai)通關斷(duan)(duan)(duan)緩沖等一系(xi)列問題。[1]主(zhu)要參數/晶閘(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)編輯(ji)為了正(zheng)確選用晶閘(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)元件(jian)(jian)(jian)，必(bi)須要了解它的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)要參數，一般在(zai)產品的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)目錄(lu)上都給出了參數的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)平(ping)均(jun)值(zhi)或極限(xian)值(zhi)，產品合格(ge)證上標有(you)(you)元件(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)實(shi)測數據。。江(jiang)西瑞士ABB晶閘(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)模塊(kuai)工廠(chang)直銷(xiao)晶閘(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)分(fen)為螺(luo)栓形和平(ping)板形兩種。

在(zai)(zai)恢(hui)(hui)(hui)復(fu)(fu)(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)快速(su)衰減時(shi)(shi)，由(you)(you)于(yu)(yu)外電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)感的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)用，會在(zai)(zai)晶(jing)閘管(guan)(guan)(guan)兩(liang)端引起反(fan)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)尖峰(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)U。從正向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)降(jiang)為(wei)(wei)零(ling)，到反(fan)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)恢(hui)(hui)(hui)復(fu)(fu)(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)衰減至接(jie)近于(yu)(yu)零(ling)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)，就是晶(jing)閘管(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)反(fan)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)阻(zu)斷(duan)恢(hui)(hui)(hui)復(fu)(fu)(fu)時(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)t。[1]反(fan)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)恢(hui)(hui)(hui)復(fu)(fu)(fu)過(guo)程(cheng)結束后，由(you)(you)于(yu)(yu)載流(liu)子復(fu)(fu)(fu)合過(guo)程(cheng)比較慢，晶(jing)閘管(guan)(guan)(guan)要(yao)恢(hui)(hui)(hui)復(fu)(fu)(fu)其(qi)對反(fan)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)阻(zu)斷(duan)能(neng)力還需要(yao)一段時(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)，這叫做反(fan)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)阻(zu)斷(duan)恢(hui)(hui)(hui)復(fu)(fu)(fu)時(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)tgr。在(zai)(zai)反(fan)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)阻(zu)斷(duan)恢(hui)(hui)(hui)復(fu)(fu)(fu)時(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)內如果(guo)重新對晶(jing)閘管(guan)(guan)(guan)施加正向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)，晶(jing)閘管(guan)(guan)(guan)會重新正向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)導通(tong)，而不(bu)受(shou)門(men)極電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)控制而導通(tong)。所(suo)以在(zai)(zai)實際應用中(zhong)，需對晶(jing)閘管(guan)(guan)(guan)施加足夠(gou)長時(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)反(fan)壓(ya)，使晶(jing)閘管(guan)(guan)(guan)充分恢(hui)(hui)(hui)復(fu)(fu)(fu)其(qi)對正向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)阻(zu)斷(duan)能(neng)力，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路才能(neng)可靠工(gong)作(zuo)。晶(jing)閘管(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路換向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)關(guan)斷(duan)時(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)t定(ding)義為(wei)(wei)t與t之和(he)，即(ji)t=t+t除了開通(tong)時(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)t、關(guan)斷(duan)時(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)t及觸(chu)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)IGT外，本文比較關(guan)注的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)晶(jing)閘管(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)其(qi)它主要(yao)參數(shu)包括：斷(duan)態(tai)（反(fan)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)）重復(fu)(fu)(fu)峰(feng)值電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)U（U）：是在(zai)(zai)門(men)極斷(duan)路而結溫為(wei)(wei)額(e)定(ding)值時(shi)(shi)，允許重復(fu)(fu)(fu)加在(zai)(zai)器(qi)件上的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)正向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)（反(fan)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)）峰(feng)值電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)。通(tong)常取晶(jing)閘管(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)UDRM和(he)URRM中(zhong)較小(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)標(biao)值作(zuo)為(wei)(wei)該器(qi)件的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)額(e)定(ding)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)。通(tong)態(tai)平均電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)I：國際規(gui)定(ding)通(tong)態(tai)平均電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)為(wei)(wei)晶(jing)閘管(guan)(guan)(guan)在(zai)(zai)環(huan)境溫度為(wei)(wei)40℃和(he)規(gui)定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)冷卻狀態(tai)下，穩定(ding)結溫不(bu)超過(guo)額(e)定(ding)結溫時(shi)(shi)所(suo)允許流(liu)過(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)**大工(gong)頻正弦半波電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)平均值。這也是標(biao)稱其(qi)額(e)定(ding)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)參數(shu)。

α和θ都是(shi)用(yong)來(lai)表示晶閘(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)在承受正向(xiang)(xiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)的(de)(de)半(ban)(ban)個周期的(de)(de)導通或(huo)阻斷(duan)(duan)范圍的(de)(de)。通過(guo)改變控(kong)(kong)制角α或(huo)導通角θ，改變負載上脈沖直流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)的(de)(de)平(ping)均(jun)值UL，實(shi)現了可(ke)(ke)控(kong)(kong)整(zheng)流(liu)。晶閘(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)晶體(ti)(ti)閘(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)流(liu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)（英語：Thyristor），簡稱(cheng)晶閘(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)，指的(de)(de)是(shi)具(ju)有四層交錯P、N層的(de)(de)半(ban)(ban)導體(ti)(ti)裝(zhuang)置。**早出(chu)(chu)現與主要的(de)(de)一(yi)種是(shi)硅(gui)控(kong)(kong)整(zheng)流(liu)器(qi)（SiliconControlledRectifier，SCR），中(zhong)國大陸(lu)通常簡稱(cheng)可(ke)(ke)控(kong)(kong)硅(gui)，又稱(cheng)半(ban)(ban)導體(ti)(ti)控(kong)(kong)制整(zheng)流(liu)器(qi)，是(shi)一(yi)種具(ju)有三個PN結的(de)(de)功(gong)率(lv)(lv)型半(ban)(ban)導體(ti)(ti)器(qi)件(jian)(jian)(jian)，為(wei)代半(ban)(ban)導體(ti)(ti)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)器(qi)件(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)**。晶閘(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)特點是(shi)具(ju)有可(ke)(ke)控(kong)(kong)的(de)(de)單(dan)向(xiang)(xiang)導電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，即與一(yi)般的(de)(de)二(er)極管(guan)(guan)(guan)相比，可(ke)(ke)以對(dui)導通電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)進行控(kong)(kong)制。晶閘(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)具(ju)有以小電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)（電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)）控(kong)(kong)制大電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)（電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)）作(zuo)用(yong)，并(bing)體(ti)(ti)積小、輕(qing)、功(gong)耗(hao)低(di)、效率(lv)(lv)高(gao)、開關(guan)迅速(su)等優點，用(yong)于無觸(chu)點開關(guan)、可(ke)(ke)控(kong)(kong)整(zheng)流(liu)、逆變、調(diao)光(guang)、調(diao)壓(ya)、調(diao)速(su)等方面。發展(zhan)歷史(shi)/晶閘(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)編輯半(ban)(ban)導體(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)出(chu)(chu)現成(cheng)為(wei)20世紀現代物理學其(qi)中(zhong)一(yi)項**重大的(de)(de)突(tu)破，標志(zhi)著電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)技術的(de)(de)誕生(sheng)。而由于不(bu)同領域的(de)(de)實(shi)際需要，促使半(ban)(ban)導體(ti)(ti)器(qi)件(jian)(jian)(jian)自此分(fen)別向(xiang)(xiang)兩(liang)個分(fen)支快速(su)發展(zhan)，其(qi)中(zhong)一(yi)個分(fen)支即是(shi)以集成(cheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路為(wei)**的(de)(de)微電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)器(qi)件(jian)(jian)(jian)，特點為(wei)小功(gong)率(lv)(lv)、集成(cheng)化，作(zuo)為(wei)信(xin)息的(de)(de)檢出(chu)(chu)、傳送和處理的(de)(de)工具(ju)；而另一(yi)類就(jiu)是(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)器(qi)件(jian)(jian)(jian)，特點為(wei)大功(gong)率(lv)(lv)、快速(su)化。1955年。根據晶閘(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)工作(zuo)特性(xing)，常見的(de)(de)應用(yong)就(jiu)是(shi)現場用(yong)的(de)(de)不(bu)間斷(duan)(duan)應急燈。

Ia與Il成正比，即(ji)當光(guang)(guang)電(dian)(dian)二極管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)光(guang)(guang)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)增大時(shi)(shi)(shi)，光(guang)(guang)控晶(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)閘(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)輸出(chu)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)也(ye)相應(ying)增大，同(tong)(tong)時(shi)(shi)(shi)Il的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)增大，使(shi)(shi)(shi)BGl、BG2的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)放大系數a1、a2也(ye)增大。當al與a2之(zhi)和接(jie)近l時(shi)(shi)(shi)，光(guang)(guang)控晶(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)閘(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)Ia達(da)到**大，即(ji)完全導(dao)(dao)通(tong)(tong)(tong)。能使(shi)(shi)(shi)光(guang)(guang)控晶(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)閘(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)導(dao)(dao)通(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)**小光(guang)(guang)照(zhao)(zhao)度，稱其為導(dao)(dao)通(tong)(tong)(tong)光(guang)(guang)照(zhao)(zhao)度。光(guang)(guang)控晶(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)閘(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)與普(pu)(pu)通(tong)(tong)(tong)晶(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)閘(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)一(yi)(yi)(yi)樣(yang)，一(yi)(yi)(yi)經觸發(fa)(fa)，即(ji)成通(tong)(tong)(tong)導(dao)(dao)狀(zhuang)態。只(zhi)要(yao)有足夠強度的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)光(guang)(guang)源照(zhao)(zhao)射一(yi)(yi)(yi)下(xia)(xia)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)子的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)受光(guang)(guang)窗口，它就立(li)即(ji)成為通(tong)(tong)(tong)導(dao)(dao)狀(zhuang)態，而后即(ji)使(shi)(shi)(shi)撤離光(guang)(guang)源也(ye)能維持導(dao)(dao)通(tong)(tong)(tong)，除非加在(zai)(zai)陽極和陰極之(zhi)間的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)壓為零或(huo)反(fan)相，才能關閉。3．光(guang)(guang)控晶(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)閘(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)特性(xing)(xing)為了使(shi)(shi)(shi)光(guang)(guang)控晶(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)閘(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)能在(zai)(zai)微(wei)弱的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)光(guang)(guang)照(zhao)(zhao)下(xia)(xia)觸發(fa)(fa)導(dao)(dao)通(tong)(tong)(tong)，因(yin)此(ci)必須使(shi)(shi)(shi)光(guang)(guang)控晶(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)閘(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)在(zai)(zai)極小的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)控制(zhi)(zhi)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)下(xia)(xia)能可(ke)靠地導(dao)(dao)通(tong)(tong)(tong)。這樣(yang)光(guang)(guang)控晶(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)閘(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)受到了高溫(wen)和耐壓的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)限制(zhi)(zhi)，在(zai)(zai)目前的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)條(tiao)(tiao)件(jian)(jian)下(xia)(xia)，不可(ke)能與普(pu)(pu)通(tong)(tong)(tong)晶(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)閘(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)一(yi)(yi)(yi)樣(yang)做成大功率的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。光(guang)(guang)控晶(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)閘(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)除了觸發(fa)(fa)信號不同(tong)(tong)以外(wai)，其它特性(xing)(xing)基本與普(pu)(pu)通(tong)(tong)(tong)晶(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)閘(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)是相同(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，因(yin)此(ci)在(zai)(zai)使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)時(shi)(shi)(shi)可(ke)按照(zhao)(zhao)普(pu)(pu)通(tong)(tong)(tong)晶(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)閘(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)選(xuan)擇，只(zhi)要(yao)注意它是光(guang)(guang)控這個(ge)特點(dian)就行(xing)了。光(guang)(guang)控晶(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)閘(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)對光(guang)(guang)源的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)波(bo)長(chang)有一(yi)(yi)(yi)定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)求，即(ji)有選(xuan)擇性(xing)(xing)。波(bo)長(chang)在(zai)(zai)——，都是光(guang)(guang)控晶(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)閘(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)較為理想(xiang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)光(guang)(guang)源。使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)注意事項(xiang)/晶(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)閘(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)編輯選(xuan)用(yong)可(ke)控硅的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)額定(ding)電(dian)(dian)壓時(shi)(shi)(shi)，應(ying)參考實際工作條(tiao)(tiao)件(jian)(jian)下(xia)(xia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)峰值電(dian)(dian)壓的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大小，并留出(chu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)余量。1、選(xuan)用(yong)可(ke)控硅的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)額定(ding)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)時(shi)(shi)(shi)。晶(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)閘(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)具有硅整流(liu)(liu)(liu)器(qi)件(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)特性(xing)(xing)，能在(zai)(zai)高電(dian)(dian)壓、大電(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)條(tiao)(tiao)件(jian)(jian)下(xia)(xia)工作。江西瑞士ABB晶(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)閘(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)模塊(kuai)工廠直銷

晶閘管是四(si)層三端器件，它有J1、J2、J3三個PN結(jie)，可(ke)以把(ba)它中間的NP分成兩部分。江西瑞士ABB晶閘管模塊工廠直(zhi)銷

圖簡(jian)單地給出了晶(jing)(jing)(jing)閘(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)開(kai)(kai)通(tong)(tong)(tong)和(he)關(guan)(guan)斷(duan)過程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓與電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)波形(xing)。圖中開(kai)(kai)通(tong)(tong)(tong)過程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)描(miao)述的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)晶(jing)(jing)(jing)閘(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)門極(ji)在(zai)坐(zuo)標原點時(shi)刻開(kai)(kai)始受到(dao)(dao)理想階躍觸(chu)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)觸(chu)發的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)情(qing)況；而關(guan)(guan)斷(duan)過程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)描(miao)述的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)對已導通(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)晶(jing)(jing)(jing)閘(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)，在(zai)外電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路所(suo)施加(jia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓在(zai)某一(yi)時(shi)刻突(tu)然由正(zheng)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)變為(wei)反(fan)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)情(qing)況（如(ru)圖中點劃(hua)線波形(xing)）。開(kai)(kai)通(tong)(tong)(tong)過程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)晶(jing)(jing)(jing)閘(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)開(kai)(kai)通(tong)(tong)(tong)過程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)就是(shi)載流(liu)(liu)子不(bu)斷(duan)擴散的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)過程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。對于(yu)(yu)晶(jing)(jing)(jing)閘(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)開(kai)(kai)通(tong)(tong)(tong)過程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)主(zhu)要關(guan)(guan)注(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)晶(jing)(jing)(jing)閘(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)開(kai)(kai)通(tong)(tong)(tong)時(shi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)t。由于(yu)(yu)晶(jing)(jing)(jing)閘(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)內部的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)正(zheng)反(fan)饋過程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)以(yi)(yi)及外電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)感(gan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)限制，晶(jing)(jing)(jing)閘(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)受到(dao)(dao)觸(chu)發后(hou)，其陽(yang)極(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)只能逐(zhu)漸(jian)上(shang)(shang)(shang)升(sheng)。從門極(ji)觸(chu)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)上(shang)(shang)(shang)升(sheng)到(dao)(dao)額(e)定(ding)值(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)10%開(kai)(kai)始，到(dao)(dao)陽(yang)極(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)上(shang)(shang)(shang)升(sheng)到(dao)(dao)穩態(tai)值(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)10%（對于(yu)(yu)阻性負載相當于(yu)(yu)陽(yang)極(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓降(jiang)到(dao)(dao)額(e)定(ding)值(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)90%），這段時(shi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)稱為(wei)觸(chu)發延遲時(shi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)t。陽(yang)極(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)從10%上(shang)(shang)(shang)升(sheng)到(dao)(dao)穩態(tai)值(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)90%所(suo)需要的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)（對于(yu)(yu)阻性負載相當于(yu)(yu)陽(yang)極(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓由90%降(jiang)到(dao)(dao)10%）稱為(wei)上(shang)(shang)(shang)升(sheng)時(shi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)t，開(kai)(kai)通(tong)(tong)(tong)時(shi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)t定(ding)義(yi)為(wei)兩者之和(he)，即t=t+t通(tong)(tong)(tong)常晶(jing)(jing)(jing)閘(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)開(kai)(kai)通(tong)(tong)(tong)時(shi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)與觸(chu)發脈沖(chong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)上(shang)(shang)(shang)升(sheng)時(shi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)，脈沖(chong)峰(feng)值(zhi)以(yi)(yi)及加(jia)在(zai)晶(jing)(jing)(jing)閘(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)兩極(ji)之間(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)正(zheng)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓有(you)關(guan)(guan)。[1]關(guan)(guan)斷(duan)過程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)處于(yu)(yu)導通(tong)(tong)(tong)狀態(tai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)晶(jing)(jing)(jing)閘(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)當外加(jia)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓突(tu)然由正(zheng)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)變為(wei)反(fan)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)時(shi)，由于(yu)(yu)外電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)感(gan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)存(cun)在(zai)，其陽(yang)極(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)在(zai)衰減(jian)時(shi)存(cun)在(zai)過渡過程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。陽(yang)極(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)將逐(zhu)步(bu)衰減(jian)到(dao)(dao)零(ling)，并在(zai)反(fan)方(fang)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)流(liu)(liu)過反(fan)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)恢復電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)，經(jing)過**大(da)值(zhi)I后(hou)，再反(fan)方(fang)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)衰減(jian)。同時(shi)。江(jiang)西瑞士ABB晶(jing)(jing)(jing)閘(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)模塊工(gong)廠直(zhi)銷